Philosophy as The Foundation of Science in The Development of Chemistry

Abstract: Philosophy As The Foundation Of Science In The Development Of Chemistry. This article aims to present an explanation of philosophy as the basis of science in the development of chemistry. This article uses the literature review method. The library sources used in this article are journals and books on the development of chemistry. The results of the research show that (1) Philosophy serves as the basis from which philosophy is obtained the truth which becomes the basis or foundation of chemistry. By learning something related to chemistry through knowledge (philosophy) is a step to get true and objective knowledge about chemistry. (2) Chemists and scientists agree on the basis of the development of chemistry, namely to obtain answers to the what and why questions about matter in nature, each of which will produce facts and theoretical knowledge about matter whose truth can be explained by mathematical logic. Finally, (3) The study of chemistry in its development includes aspects of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. The ontology aspect includes the chemical concept of matter and matter. The epistemological aspect includes the understanding of chemistry that is obtained and developed based on experiments and theories. While the axiological aspect of chemistry includes the usefulness of values for human understanding so that humans will be better at the surrounding nature and use various natural processes that take place in it to meet the needs of human life. Keywords: Philosophy, Development of Chemistr

Philosophy of Science: Matter and Matter as an Ontology of Chemistry

Abstract: Philosophy of Science: Matter and Matter as an Ontology of Chemistry. Philosophy and science can be used by humans as an effort to understand the concepts and methods of a scientific discipline. Substantially and historically, philosophy and science have an important role in giving great influence to human life. One of the sciences, namely chemistry, is no exception, which has a major influence on human life. Ontology in chemistry can be understood as a science that discusses what we want to know and a study of chemical theory. A more in-depth ontology of chemistry is a discussion in order to find or get the essence of something related to chemistry. Chemistry is defined as the study of matter, its properties, structure, and changes in matter and the energy that accompanies these changes. This article aims to explain the ontology of chemistry, namely substances and matter according to experts and their development. This article uses qualitative research methods which include literature studies, where a review of books and journals is carried out to enrich and the results of empirical research are used as secondary data to strengthen arguments which are then synthesized into a single unit to provide meaningful information. The results showed that there are two ontological aspects of chemistry, namely the concept of chemistry which means the composition, nature, structure, change and energy that accompanies the change of a material and the object of chemistry, namely substance or matter.Keywords: Substance and Matter, Chemical Ontology

Comparison of Surface Characteristics of Medical-grade 316L Stainless Steel Processed by Sand-blasting, Slag Ball-blasting and Shot-blasting Treatments

In this research, a comparative study was carried out to examine the surface characteristics of medical-grade 316L stainless steel after blasting treatments by using angular silica particles, spherical slag balls and spherical metallic shot. The surface roughness, morphology, elemental composition and microhardness distribution of the stainless steel were determined and the possible mechanisms in the evolution of the surface characteristics of the steel exposed to the blasting treatments were established. The results showed that all the blasting treatments conducted in this research increased the roughness and hardness of the steel surface. In this case, the roughest stainless steel surface was achieved by the slag ball-blasting treatment, but the stainless steel with the hardest surface and the thickest hard subsurface layer was obtained by the shot-blasting treatment. On the basis of the findings in this research it can be concluded that the physical properties and surface morphology of particles or shot used in the blasting treatment are critical parameters in determining the surface characteristics of blasted stainless steel

Module Hypercontent for Gross Motor Learning

This study aims to develop a hypercontent-based gross motor learning model. The subjects of this research were students of the Early Childhood Education Teacher Education Study Program at STKIP Kusuma Negara Jakarta. This study uses the Research and Development (RnD) method. Develop gross motor learning models conceptually, procedurally and physically. Through expert one-to-one tests in the field of early childhood education materials, learning design, learning media and Indonesian. As well as one to one tests, small group tests and large group tests for students. This research can be a guide for future researchers in developing gross motor learning with the same approach or a different approach. This research produced learning products in the form of gross motor learning models, printed modules and learning videos. Hypercontent-based gross motor learning can facilitate students and increase student success in early childhood gross motor learning

The Effectiveness of National Insights Based Virtual Classroom Education and Training

Hate speech is a word, behavior, writing, or performance that is prohibited because it can trigger acts of violence and prejudice either from the perpetrator of the statement or the victim of the action. Hate speech can be in the form of insults, defamation , defamation, unpleasant acts, provocation, inciting, spreading false news. Crimes against hate speech are carried out because these actions can have an impact on acts of discrimination, violence, loss of life, and or social conflict. Hate speech can occur due to individual or group misunderstandings about the information obtained. Studying national insight aims to provide an understanding of the Indonesian nation and the basics of this nation in order to realize unity. National insight has an important meaning in strengthening the sense of nationality and increasing the spirit of nationalism. This study uses a quantitative descriptive research method. The results showed that the learning of national insight using virtual learning on field trial results was very good, and could motivate and attract the attention of education and training participants to be able to take part in the learning process in nationalism with an average score of 4.46 on a scale of 1-5 . The results of the assessment carried out before and after learning about national insight using a virtual classroom 31% seeing the results of field trials indicate that the material for developing learning insight using virtual learning can be used in the process of learning about national insigh

STRATEGI PENDAMPINGAN ANAK USIA DINI DALAM PEMELIHARAAN KESEHATAN GIGI: SEBUAH KAJIAN FILSAFAT

Pendahuluan: Gigi susu memiliki fungsi penting dalam mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Anak usia dini belum mampu melakukan pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi secara mandiri dan membutuhkan pendampingan dari orang tua. Hasil Riskesdas tahun 2018 menunjukkan bahwa nilai dmf-t anak usia 5 tahun rata-rata 8,1. Tingginya angka kerusakan gigi ini  menunjukkan bahwa pendampingan oleh orang tua untuk membentuk kebiasaan baik dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi belum dijalankan secara optimal. Tujuan: penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa hakikat orang tua dalam  pendampingan  pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi  bagi anak usia dini dan strategi apakah yang dapat diterapkan dalam melakukan pendampingan agar dapat terbentuk kebiasaan baik dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi. Metode: Studi literatur. Hasil: Orang tua memiliki hakikat sebagai penanggung jawab dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia dini. Pendampingan wajib dilakukan sebagai bagian dari proses pembentukan kebiasaan baik dalam pemeliharan kesehatan gigi. Strategi pendampingan melalui bermain sambil belajar.   Membuat kegiatan pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi menjadi aktivitas yang menarik untuk merangsang anak memberikan respons sebagai proses pembelajaran. Mengoptimalkan pembelajaran melalui aktivitasi mirror neurons (melakukan tindakan serupa setelah melakukan pengamatan), dengan menjadikan orang tua sebagai role model. Kesimpulan: Hakikat orang tua dalam melakukan pendampingan dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi adalah wajib, karena orang tua yang bertanggung jawab terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia dini. Strategi melakukan pendampingan adalah melalui bermain sambil belajar dengan membuat proses pembiasaan pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi menjadi satu aktivitas yang menarik perhatian anak dan menjadikan orang tua sebagai role model dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi.Keywords: Pendampingan, anak usia dini, kesehatan gigi, filsafa

PENGARUH SANDBLASTING TERHADAP STRUKTUR MIKRO PADA SEKRUP IMPLAN BAJA TAHAN KARAT AISI 316L

Penelitian kali ini menjelaskan tentang terjadinya perubahan struktur mikro pada material baja tahan karat 316L.Penggunaan bahan Stainless Steel 316L sangat cocok digunakan dalam pembuatan sekrup implan.Perlakuan sandblasting kepada sekrup implan dapat meningkatkan kekerasan dan kekasaran permukaannya sehingga terjadinya perubahaan struktur mikro.Tekanan penembakan dilakukan secara konstan dengan tekanan 7kg/cm2.Metode penembakan dilakukan dengan cara berputar untuk mendapatkan keseragamaan pada permukaan sekrup implan. Hasil perubahaan setelah sandblasting menunjukkaan perubahaan pada struktur mikro.Perubahaan terlihat dengan mengecilnya butiran pada daerah yang terkena sandlasting dan adapula yang mengalami abrsi pada beberapa percobaan.Kata Kunci :Sandblasting, Struktur Mikro, Sekrup, Implan, AISI 316

Development of Information and Communication Technology Learning Media

This study aims to produce instructional videos on subjects that are feasible to be implemented as learning media for Postgraduate students and investigate the feasibility of learning videos at the UNJ location so that they are feasible to implement. as a learning medium. The development of learning videos for the State University of Jakarta uses a mix method approach using the Research & Development method by Allesi & Trollip, which consists of three development steps, namely planning: determining needs and goals, gathering resources, and generating ideas; design: making flowcharts and storyboards and drafting scripts; and development: producing video and audio, programming materials, preparing supporting components, evaluating, and revising. The results of development research are in the form of learning videos which are assessed by media experts, material experts, and students as media users. Overall the trial showed good results in the category according to the following details from material experts the average score of 5.55 was included in the appropriate category, from media experts the average score of 3.5 is included in the appropriate category, from small-scale trials involving students, an average score of 3.5 was obtained which was included in the appropriate category; and from large-scale trials involving students, an average score of 3.19 was obtained which was in the appropriate category. Based on the assessment of the feasibility of the media, it can be concluded that learning videos are suitable for use as learning media at UNJ

Aplikasi Cetakan Permanen untuk Meningkatkan Produksi dan Kualitas Produk IKM Pengecoran Logam Kuningan di Ngawen, Sidokarto, Godean, Yogyakarta

Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) brass foundry in Ngawen Sidokarto, District of Godean, Sleman, Yogyakarta mostly produced cow necklace accessories (klonthong) and jathilan accessories (klinthing). Te industry and business management are arranged within the scope of family. Te products are relatively low in quality and its market share is limited and tend to be traditional. Tis condition is caused by the weak knowledge of the management and the method of casting metals and metal science. Brass casting methode, that was used at IKM partner, is casting with mold of sand or soil. Tis process requires the making process of sand molds, that is removed afer the brass solidify. For large quantities products, this process is inefcient and takes a long time. It would require a more efcient and faster method in the production process. Method of sand casting and ceramics have been used by SMEs cast brass in Yogyakarta, however it  has many disadvantages in terms of increased productivity and quality as well as the expansion of product applications. Te permanent mold casting of iron is a casting method which has many advantages over other methods, but the use for SMEs has not been applied in the SME of cast brass. Te permanen mold casting methods was introduced to SME partners. Tis replaces the sand mold materials and molding sand. It is expected the casting process is faster because the mold can be used for a large number of products. Te results show that the application of the technology results in products with precision and consistent in shape and size. Community Service of UGM with Appropriate Technology has also collaborated with  Industry and Trade service of Yogyakarta donation of production machinery for making permanent mold. It can be concluded that the application of permanen mold in the brass foundry industry improve the product precision and the speed of produsction

Recycling of Magnesium Alloy Scrap by Remelting and Chemical De-coating Process

The growing demands of magnesium (Mg) based materials had risen new challenges related to disposal of unused parts and a huge amount of waste made by such metals. Attempts to recycle the scrap of these materials through remelting had become one of the preferred choices. However, a series of preliminary steps should be carried out to reduce the impurities as well as to maintain the quality of the casted ingot, for instance, by applying de-coating for removing paints or coating substrates at the scrap surface prior to remelting. In this research, the effects of chemical reagent de-coating on the properties of ingot obtained from recycling Mg scrap were studied. A commercial paint removal liquid was preferred as the reagent for removing paint layers over the Mg scrap surface. The de-coated scrap was then remelted in a conventional furnace with NaCl powder as the fluxing layer. The results of this study noticed the importance of chemical de-coating process to reduce the impurity contents in the ingot which might be originated from the coating or paint substrates covering the Mg scrap. Meanwhile, the density and hardness of the Mg ingot processed without de-coating were obviously higher than that had been cleaned previously with paint removing agent